中国核电能源链的生命周期温室气体排放研究

应用全能源链分析(PCA)和生命周期分析(LCA)方法,采用第一手调查数据和一些新的参数,对我国核电能源链的生命周期温室气体排放进行评价计算.结果表明,现阶段我国核电能源链(包括核燃料循环前段、核电站)的实际温室气体排放量为6.2g CO2,eq/(k W·h),若考虑核燃料循环后段(乏燃料后处理与废物处置)则总的温室气体排放量为11.9g CO2,eq/(k W·h).核电是低碳能源,发展核电代替一定规模的煤电提供一次能源,每1k W·h电力生产能够减排大约1kg二氧化碳.推进核电产业链的技术升级和持续节能降耗,鼓励材料再循环再利用,核电能源链的温室气体排放仍有进一步降低的空间.

Greenhouse gas emissions from nuclear power chain life cycle in China

Based on PCA (process chain analysis) and LCA (life cycle analysis) methods, first-hand survey data and some new parameters were used to calculate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from nuclear power chain life cycle in China. The results showed that the present actual GHG emissions from front-end of nuclear fuel cycle and nuclear power plant is 6.2gCO2,eq/(kW·h), and the total of nuclear life cycle (also including fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste disposal) is 11.9gCO2,eq/(kW·h). Nuclear power is low-carbon energy and has obvious potential of GHG emissions reduction that is about 1kgCO2,eq reduction per 1kW·h electricity generation if nuclear power replacing some coal power. By upgrading nuclear industry technologies, encouraging materials reuse/recycle and sustainable energy saving, the GHG emissions from nuclear power chain would be further reduced.