有机废物生物转化过程中VOCs的排放控制研究进展

有机废物在生物转化过程中会产生大量的VOCs,不仅污染环境、危害人体健康,也成为目前废弃物处理处置工程顺利运行的瓶颈。通过文献综述的形式总结了有机废物在生物转化过程中VOCs的产生机理、监测技术、排放状况、影响因素及控制等方面的研究现状,为有机废物处理过程中VOCs的排放控制提供参考。结果表明:在有机物生物转化过程中,填埋和堆肥中产生的VOCs在100种以上,填埋和堆肥中产生的VOCs浓度分别为67~7 896,411~14 547 mg/m3,VOCs浓度分布较广,去除效率有待提高。厌氧发酵产生的最高VOCs浓度一般低于30 mg/m3,且厌氧发酵产生的VOCs易于收集,并通过可催化和热力焚烧有效去除VOCs。因此,应将有机废物填埋和堆肥过程产生的VOCs作为重点研究方向。

REVIEW ON EMISSION AND CONTROLLING MEASURES ON VOCs IN THE PROCESS OF ORGANIC WASTES BIOCONVERSION

Organic waste will produce large amount of VOCs in the biotransformation process， not only pollute the environment，endanger human health，but also become the bottleneck factor of current waste disposal engineering operation． In this article，literature reviewing is carried out to summarize the producing of organic waste VOCs，monitoring technologies， discharge status，influencing factors and controlling methods，in order to give references for controlling of the VOCs generated in organic waste bio-treatment． The results showed that，in the process of biotransformation of organic waste，there are more than 100 kinds of VOCs generated，and the concentration of VOCs produced in the landfill and composting are 67 to 7 896 mg / m3 and 411 to 14 547 mg /m3 ，respectively． The concentration of VOCs has a wide distribution range，and the removal efficiency is to be improved． The highest concentration of VOCs produced in anaerobic fermentation in general is no more than 30 mg /m3 ，which is easy to collect and remove through the catalytic and thermal incineration