European Union waste management strategy and the importance of biogenic waste |
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Authors: | Juergen Vehlow Britta Bergfeldt Rian Visser Carl Wilén |
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Institution: | (1) Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Institute for Technical Chemistry – Thermal Waste Treatment Division, POB 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany;(2) ECN, Petten, The Netherlands;(3) VTT, Espoo, Finland |
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Abstract: | In the European Union (EU), waste management is almost totally regulated by EU directives, which supply a framework for national
regulations. The main target in view of sustainability is the prevention of direct disposal of reactive waste in landfills.
The tools to comply with these principles are recycling and material recovery as well as waste incineration with energy recovery
for final inertization. The adaptation of the principles laid down in EU directives is an ongoing process. A number of countries
have already enacted respective national regulations and their realization shows that recycling and incineration are not in
competition but are both essential parts of integrated waste management systems. In the EU, the amount of residual waste available
for energy recovery can supply approximately 1% of the primary energy demand. About 50% of the energy inventory of municipal
solid waste (MSW) in most EU countries is of biogenic origin, and MSW is to the same extent to be looked upon as regenerative
fuel. Hence part of the CO2 released from waste incineration is climate neutral. In the EU, this share could produce savings of the order of 1% of annual
CO2 emissions if energy from MSW replaced that derived from fossil fuel. |
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Keywords: | EU waste management Biogenic waste Recycling Disposal Waste to energy CO2 emission |
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