原油对潮间带大弹涂鱼（Boleophthalmus pectinirostris）抗氧化酶活性影响的初步探究

以大弹涂鱼（Boleophthalmus pectinirostris）鳃和肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（GST）为生物标志物，探究潮间带沉积物不同浓度原油污染48 h后对大弹涂鱼的急性毒性效应。结果显示，随着污染浓度的增加，SOD、GSH-Px和GST活性呈先升高后降低的趋势，表明低浓度污染下大弹涂鱼鳃和肝脏酶活性被激活，高浓度下污染酶活性则受抑制；大弹涂鱼鳃中SOD、CAT、GST酶活性最大诱导倍数均高于肝脏，可见大弹涂鱼鳃对原油更敏感；结合不同组织抗氧化酶活性差异显著性分析发现，大弹涂鱼鳃中SOD 和GST 对原油污染敏感度更高，更适合作为监测海洋原油污染的有效生物标志物。

The primary study on antioxidase activities of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris exposed to crude oil in intertidal zone

Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione s-transferase (GST) in gills and liver of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris were selected as biomarkers to explore the acute biotoxic effects of different concentrations of crude oil in intertidal sediment on Boleophthalmus pectinirostris after 48 hours. The results showed that with the increase of pollution concentration, the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and GST increased firstly and then dropped down, indicating that the enzyme activities of gills and liver of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris were activated at low concentration while inhibited at high concentration. The maximum induction times of SOD, CAT and GST activities in gills of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris were higher than those in liver, which showed that the gills of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris were more sensitive to crude oil. Combined with the significance of antioxidant enzyme activities in different tissues, it was found that the SOD and GST in gills were more sensitive to crude oil pollution and more suitable as effective biomarkers for monitoring marine crude oil pollution.