工业企业电气安全评价方法研究

针对现行电气安全评价方法存在的不足,提出了工业企业电气安全模糊综合评价方法.依据事故理论的综合论观点,建立了多层次电气安全评价因素体系;采用定性与定量相结合的层次分析法(AHP)确定评价因素的权重;采用隶属频率统计法确定单因素隶属度;最后应用多层次模糊综合评判模型合成评价结果,并使用安全等级特征量对模糊综合评价结果进行处理,得出工业企业电气系统的安全等级.结果表明,将模糊综合评价方法引入工业企业电气安全现状评价具有一定的现实意义,克服了现行评价方法不够全面或不够定量的缺点;安全等级模糊特征量是处理模糊综合评价结果更优化的方法;该评价方法紧密结合企业现状,可在一般工业企业的电气安全评价中广泛应用,其配套评价软件更为企业安全管理部门和安全评价机构提供了便捷的应用工具.

Method for electrical safety assessment of industry

The present paper aims at introducing the authors' comprehensive fuzzy method for electric safety assessment of industrial enterprises. Factors system has been established for the electric safety assessment in the accident theory. In addition, some other safety assessment methods have also been used in electric safety assessment, such as Safety Checklist Analysis, Preliminary Hazard Analysis, Failure Mode Effects Analysis, Hazard and Operability Study, Fault Tree Analysis. However, such methods do not involve much quantitative evaluation, neither exist sufficient persuasive statements, thus often leading to safety assessment loses significance in some degree. With the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a qualitative and quantitative way, the relative weights can be made certain. Choosing statistic method of membership frequency, the membership degree of single factor can also be determined. Last of all, fuzzy comprehensive hierarchical evaluation method has been tried to bring about evaluation results by using the characteristic quantities of safety grade so as to acquire the safety grade of the industrially used electric system. Nevertheless, the characteristic quantity of the safety grade is better to dispose the results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, which helps to combine the factory actuality closely. It is just for this reason that it is used widely in the electric safety assessment of industrial purpose, and its software is a convenient tool for industry safety management and safety assessment agencies. Thus, the factors system establishment for electric safety assessment is and will be a subject worthy of further research.