应用煤制天然气防治大气污染合理性评估

以京津冀地区燃煤制天然气(SNG)锅炉为对象,基于生命周期角度对其大气污染物排放进行了分析.结果显示,燃SNG锅炉全生命周期排放少于燃煤锅炉,但存在着污染向SNG产地转移的效应.为进一步评估SNG防治大气污染的效果,对京津冀地区燃煤锅炉改造为燃SNG锅炉,以及燃煤锅炉末端排放治理2种方式在生命周期排放、资源消耗、经济性3方面进行了对比.结果显示,在全生命周期过程中,SNG锅炉相比末端处理方式有更多大气污染物排放,但若忽略污染转移现象而只考虑京津冀地区,则SNG锅炉相比末端处理排放更少;燃SNG锅炉相比末端处理会消耗更多的能源和水资源;SNG锅炉同时需要更高的投资和成本.以煤制天然气作为防治大气污染的选择需要谨慎考虑,不宜过度发展.

Evaluation of the use of coal-based synthetic natural gas for haze prevention in China

Life-cycle atmospheric emissions were assessed for the use of Synthetic natural gas (SNG) in refitted coal-fired boilers in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. Results show, SNG-fired boilers emit less pollution than traditional coal-fired boilers in the life cycle, while also effects a massive pollution transfer. Further analysis involves the comparison between the emissions from coal-fired boilers with a conventional treatment and SNG-fired boilers. This comparison includes three aspects: life-cycle emissions, resource consumption, and techno-economical analysis. Results show that SNG-fired boilers emit more atmospheric pollutants than the conventional treatment in the life cycle, in addition to consuming more energy and water, having a higher refit investment and operating cost. We conclude that the policy of SNG use for haze prevention should be cautiously implemented, and coal-based synthetic natural gas should not be supported overly.