自然灾害防治综合立法研究:定位、理念与制度

近年来,国家高度重视防灾减灾救灾,发布了防灾减灾救灾系列重要文件,实施了应急管理体制机制重大改革举措。落实防灾减灾救灾新思想新理念新要求,契合国家发展改革的现实需要,应加紧推进自然灾害防治综合立法。自然灾害防治综合立法的定位是自然灾害防治的基本法、应急管理的特别法、公共安全的支撑法。自然灾害防治综合立法应在坚持以人民为中心理念、风险防范理念、综合防治理念、权利保护理念的基础上,确立自然灾害风险隐患排查、危险区避让及搬迁转移、自然灾害科普、自然灾害防治社会参与、自然灾害保险等制度,为推进我国自然灾害防治体系和防治能力现代化提供法制保障。

Research on Comprehensive Legislation of Natural Disaster Prevention and Control:Orientation,Concept and System

In recent years, the state attaches great importance to disaster risk reduction and relief, issued a series of important documents on disaster risk reduction and relief, and implemented major reform measures of emergency management system and mechanism.The implementation of new ideas, new concepts and new requirements for disaster prevention, reduction and relief meets the practical needs of national development and reform, and comprehensive legislation on natural disaster prevention and control should be stepped up.The comprehensive legislation of natural disaster prevention is the basic law of natural disaster prevention, the special law of emergency management and the supporting law of public safety.The comprehensive legislation of natural disaster prevention should be insisted on the people as the center, risk prevention, comprehensive prevention and control, rights protection. On the basis of these principle, we will establishinstitutions for the investigation of natural disaster risks and hidden dangers, avoidance and relocation of hazardous areas, popularization of natural disasters, social participation in the prevention and control of natural disasters, and natural disaster insurance, so as to provide legal guarantee for the modernization of China’s natural disaster prevention system and prevention capacity.