武汉市洪山区春季PM2.5浓度及多环芳烃组成特征

分析了武汉市洪山区2014年春季PM2.5的浓度,并利用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)测定了多环芳烃(PAHs)的组成.结果表明,PM2.5的质量浓度为47.99～195.87μg/m3,平均质量浓度为(101.34±32.49)μg/m3,超标天数占总监测天数的81.82%;PM2.5质量浓度与各气象要素间的相关性不显著.PM2.5中PAHs日均浓度变化范围为8.44~34.45ng/m3,平均浓度为21.48±7.03ng/m3,其中4环PAHs的含量最高,达到11.72ng/m3,占总PAHs浓度的54.56%,结合典型污染来源中PAHs的特征比值和数学统计中主成分分析法,判断出其主要污染来源为车辆排放、燃烧源和燃煤源;PAHs日均总毒性当量(∑BaPeq)浓度范围为1.10~5.46ng/m3,平均值为2.99ng/m3,日均超标率达到60.61%.

Characteristics of atmospheric PM2.5 and the variation of PAHs in PM2.5 during spring in Hongshan district,Wuhan

33 atmospheric PM2.5 samples were collected in Hongshan district, Wuhan in the spring of 2014. The PAHs in these samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for investigating the composition and variation of PAHs in PM2.5. The results showed that the PM2.5 concentrations were in the range of 47.99~195.87μg/m3 with the concentration of 101.34±32.49μg/m3, and the exceeding criteria rate was 81.82%. Furthermore, the concentration of PM2.5 did not correlate significantly with meteorological parameters. The total concentration of PAHs in PM2.5 ranged from 8.44 to 34.45ng/m3, and the average was 21.48±7.03ng/m3. The 4 rings PAHs had the highest concentration 11.72ng/m3, which accounted for 54.56% of the total PAHs concentration. According to the diagnostic ratios of PAHs apportioning from typical sources and principle components analysis, vehicle emissions, combustion and coal burning were the dominant sources of PAHs. The total TEQ concentration ranged from 1.10~5.46ng/m3, and the average was 2.99ng/m3, and the exceeding criteria rate was 60.61%.