森林对污染物（SO2-4）的过滤器效应研究

森林的过滤器效应是指森林对污染物所具有的净化缓冲作用，这是森林生态系统所具有的重要生态服务功能之一。森林生态系统对污染物的截留、吸附与净化一般是通过污染物在森林生态系统中的乔木层与灌草层植物、枯落物和土壤（微生物）等组分间的转化过程来实现，阐明森林生态系统各组分对污染物的净化效应是正确评估森林过滤器效应的关键。系统综述了森林生态系统各组分对污染物净化效应的国内外主要研究成果，指明了目前该方面研究存在的问题和努力的方向,并指出目前国内已有的大多数研究还处于实验观测与现象揭示阶段，缺乏对过程与机理的深入研究，很少进行多因素的动态综合研究和系统分析，这都限制了我们对森林生态系统对污染物净化过程内在运行机制和客观规律的正确认识和评估。把整个森林生态系统当作一个过滤器，从植物、凋落物、土壤、微生物几个亚系统方面介绍了森林过滤器对污染物净化缓冲作用方面的主要研究进展。

REVIEW ON THE FUNCTION OF FOREST FILTER IN BUFFERING SO2-4 CONTAMINATION

Effects of forest filter means that forests can eliminate and/or buffer contamination. This is one of the important service functions of forest ecosystems. With the increase of pollution to water body and the air, more and more expectations have been paid to the self-cleaning function of forest ecosystem. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the process and mechanism of forest ecosystems to hold, absorb, and purify pollutants with their canopy, tree trunks, shrubs, herbs, litter and soil(microbe). It is also an important step for assessing the hydrological service functions of forests. In this paper, effects of forest ecosystems to purify pollutants, specially acid deposition by tree layer, undergrowth, the litter and the soil were reviewed in order to find out the existing problems of current research and look for the possible approaches for further research. It was found that most research focused on the experimental observations and the phenomenon explanation and there was a lack of research on the allocation process and reasonable simulation models. In this paper, the authors took the whole forest as a filter system, and described the research progress in different sub-systems, including plants, litter, soil and micro-organism .