炭系导电填料对瓦斯封堵材料性能影响研究

针对目前煤矿中频频发生的透水事故与静电引发瓦斯灾害的现状,文章以聚合物水泥、阻燃剂以及导电填料制备出一种适用于煤矿井下能够防止煤壁渗水和封堵瓦斯气体的材料,具有防水、防火、抗静电的特点。系统考查了导电云母粉、石墨、炭黑等多种导电填料及其不同配比的混合填料对涂层干燥时间、表面电阻和吸水率等性能的影响,试验结果表明,添加导电云母粉涂层的电阻值变化不大,无法达到国家煤安标准MT 113-1995的抗静电要求,不适合作为导电填料;添加石墨粉的涂层在质量分数为16%左右时电阻值方可达到106¹08Ω;添加炭黑的涂层粘度较大,且质量分数在5%时可达到要求。当石墨粉与炭黑单独添加时,随着导电填料的增加,材料的吸水率逐渐升高,防水性能逐渐下降;从涂膜的抗静电性能和防水性能两方面考虑,最佳的导电填料为石墨与炭黑的混合填料,且最佳的混合比为炭黑:石墨=2:3。

Effect of Carbon Compound Filler on Performances of Sealing Materials of Coal Seam Gas

Water in rush accident and gas disaster caused by electrostatic frequently occur in coal mines.The sealing materials of coal seam gas was prepared to prevent the inner wall of coal mine from seepage and gas blocking with organic polymer emulsion and inorganic powder as main material.The sealing material has characteristics of fire proofness,water proofness and antistatic property.Effect of conductive mica powder,graphite,carbon black and various ratios of mixed filler on the performance of drying time,surface resistance and water absorption of sealing material were investigated.Results showed that surface resistance of coatings adding conductive mica powder changed little,unable to achieve antistatic requirements of Coal Industry Standard MT 113-1995,and it was not suitable for conductive filler.Coatings’surface resistance reached 106~108 Ω when the graphite addition quantity was 16%.When the addition of carbon black was 5%,coatings’surface resistance met the requirement,but they had high viscosity.When graphite and carbon black was added alone,with increase of the conductive filler,water absorption gradually increased,and waterproof performance declined.Considering antistatic and waterproof performance of coatings,the best conductive filler was a mixture of graphite and carbon black,with the best mass ratio of graphite and carbon black as 2: 3.