消油剂与120#燃料油对马粪海胆(Hemicentrotus pul-cherrimus)抗氧化酶活性的影响

在溢油事故应急处置中,消油剂的使用备受争议。为探究消油剂和溢油对海洋底栖模式生物海胆(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)复合毒性效应,通过WAFs(Water-accommodated fractions)和CEWAFs(Chemically enhanced water-accommodated fractions)的96 h暴露实验,测定海胆肠和性腺中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)活性的变化。实验结果表明:随油水配比浓度的增加,4种酶活性呈现先升高后降低趋势,且酶活性峰值均极显著高于海水对照组水平(P0.01)。肠中4种酶活性最大诱导倍数均高于性腺。相同暴露浓度下,CEWAFs组4种酶活性诱导程度均高于WAFs组。消油剂对照组和海水对照组间4种酶活性则无显著性差异(P0.05)。

Effects of Dispersant and 120 # Fuel Oil on Four Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus

The use of dispersants is an oil spill response technique. However, effects of dispersed oil on aquatic organisms are controversial. In the present study, effects of 120 # fuel oil dispersed by dispersants on antioxidant enzyme activities of sea urchin (Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus) were investigated. The sea urchins were exposed to seawater, dispersant, water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) or chemically enhanced water-accommodated fractions (CEWAFs) for 96 h. Four antioxidant enzyme activities, that is, the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxides (GPx), in intestine and gonad of sea urchins were measured. The results indicated that four enzyme activities increased firstly and then dropped down with increasing loading rate of oil. The maximal enzyme activities induced were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those of seawater control group. The maximal times of four enzyme activities in intestine were higher than those in gonad in WAFs and CEWAFs groups. At the same concentrations, four enzyme activities induced by CEWAFs were higher than those induced by WAFs. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) of four enzyme activities between seawater control group and dispersant control group.