天然气净化厂管道泄漏H2S毒害后果影响因素数值分析

为定量评估高含硫天然气开敞空间泄漏过程中风速、风向、泄漏速度、泄漏方向对毒害后果的影响，以天然气净化厂管道泄漏为例，采用正交实验设计方法设计实验场景，基于CFD进行泄漏扩散仿真实验，以吸入剂量、毒害面积、最大毒害面积到达时间、毒害体积、最大毒害体积到达时间作为毒害效应指标，分析不同因素对毒害后果的影响，并提出后果控制建议。研究结果表明:采用CFD方法进行泄漏扩散仿真能够还原泄漏扩散过程；利用正交实验进行影响因素分析可以节省实验资源、获取准确结果；风向和风速对各后果指标均比较敏感，在天然气净化厂建设过程中应着重考虑风的影响。仿真与正交实验结合的方法能够有效评估毒害后果影响因素的敏感性，可为毒害气体泄漏风险防控提供指导。

Numerical analysis on influencing factors of H2S toxicity consequence induced by pipeline leakage in natural gas purification plant

To assess the impact of wind velocity, wind direction, leakage rate and leakage direction on the toxicity consequence in the open space leakage of high sulfur natural gas quantitatively, taking the pipeline leakage of natural gas purification plant as an example, the experimental scenario was designed scientifically by using the orthogonal experiment method. The simulation experiments of leakage and diffusion were carried out based on CFD, meanwhile, taking the inhalation dose, toxicity area, arrival time of maximum toxicity area, toxicity volume, and arrival time of maximum toxicity volume as the indexes of toxicity effect, the influence of different factors on the toxicity consequence was analyzed, and the consequence control suggestions were put forward. The results showed that the simulation of leakage and diffusion using CFD method could reproduce the leakage and diffusion process, and conducting the analysis of influencing factors by using the orthogonal experiments could save the experimental resources and obtain the accurate results. Both the wind direction and wind speed were more sensitive to each consequence index, and the impact of wind should be considered emphatically during the construction process of natural gas purification plant. The combination of simulation and orthogonal experiments can accurately assess the sensitivity of influencing factors of toxicity consequence, and provide the guidance for preventing and controlling the risk of toxic gas leakage.