农业水资源配置效果的计算分析

水资源在农业上的有效利用,不论区域水源条件的优劣,均有极其重要的意义:在水源不足的地区,应以有限的供水求得最大的经济效益;在水源丰富的地区,需按作物产量与水量的最优关系配水,以最少的供水工程投资取得最大产量。不同作物的需水数量与时间是各不相同的,对于地区农作物布局来说,水资源的分配方案是水资源管理中的一个基本问题。本文考虑了产量形成受到多种因素的影响,在综合作物生产主要因素的基

CALCULATION AND ANALYSIS OF WATER ALLOCATION EFFECTS UPON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

This paper deals with response of crop yields to water resource allocation. Some approaches for calculation and analysis of the effects of water allocation for agriculture are presented as follows: response analysis; analytic function and systems analysis. On the basis of experimental data of relationship between crop yield and water allocation obtained by the Water Conservacy Division of Xing Tai prefecture, Hebei Province, in the North China Plain, by using computer the authors examine the mathmatical models involved in this paper. The calculation results from the suggested approaches coincide fairly well with exsisted experiences in water management of the examined areas. In addition, the calculation shows that the contribution rate of watering to crop yield among the ofher factors influencing crop production accounts for 30-40% on an average. In the North China Plain the futher agriculture development has faced difficult condition of water shortage for a long time. In such case a countermeasure of scientific allocation of agricultural water resources is of great significance. We think, that the methods adopted by the authors and some results involved in this paper are likely to be useful and helpful for making a desirable water allocation decision.