Life cycle assessment of MSW-to-energy schemes in Thailand |
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| Institution: | 1. King Mongkut''s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Chumphon, Thailand;2. The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut''s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand;1. Institute Center for Water and Environment (iWATER), Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;2. Department of Civil Engineering and Institute of Advanced Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia;1. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, ENG 030, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA;2. Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, ENB 118, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA;3. Kimley-Horn and Associates, INC., 655 N Franklin St #150, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA;4. Department of Energy & Mineral Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 113 Hosler Building, State College, PA, 16802, USA;1. Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;2. Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam), Karaj, Iran;3. Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, Iran;4. Tim-Kian Recycling Co. (Representative of SEKO Co. in Iran), Tehran, Iran;5. Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran;1. Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China;2. Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Life cycle assessment was performed to evaluate environmental impacts of two municipal solid waste (MSW) to energy schemes currently practiced in Thailand: incineration and anaerobic digestion. Potential impacts such as global warming, acidification, stratospheric ozone depletion, and photo-oxidant formation were avoided due to net electricity production and also fertilizer production as by-products from the anaerobic digestion scheme. In addition, the anaerobic digestion resulted in the higher net energy output compared to the incineration scheme. However, the incineration had less potential impact for nutrient enrichment. The LCA results were also useful in determining where the improvements could be made for both the schemes. In order to adopt a sustainable waste management system elsewhere in the country, decision makers may need to consider a combination of techniques, or an integrated method of management. LCA could serve as an invaluable tool for such an analysis. |
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