内嵌式蒙皮散热器气动阻力影响研究

目的 开展内嵌式蒙皮散热器对小型飞行器气动阻力影响研究，探明气动阻力产生的原因及影响因素。方法 利用数值仿真技术，对气动阻力增大的诱因进行理论分析，分别研究蒙皮散热器引流口半径、导流口半径和翅片厚度等结构参数对飞行器气动阻力及散热性能的影响，进而平衡蒙皮散热器散热能力和飞行器气动阻力等设计指标。结果 配置蒙皮散热器为电子设备提供热沉会导致小型飞行器气动阻力增大，原因是配置散热器诱导产生了额外的压差阻力和摩擦阻力。结论 增大引流口、导流口半径可减小压差阻力，增加翅片厚度，则可减小摩擦阻力，进而减小飞行器气动阻力。增加翅片厚度，可使气动阻力减少20%以上，同时也会导致传热性能的显著降低，增大引流口、导流口半径则可在一定程度促进传热。

Effect of Embedded Skin Radiator on Aerodynamic Drag

The work aims to investigate the effect of embedded skin radiator on aerodynamic drag of small aircraft, and explore the causes and affecting factors of aerodynamic drag. The inducement for the increase of aerodynamic resistance was theoretically analyzed with numerical simulation technology. In order to guarantee the balance between design indicators such as heat transfer of skin radiator and aerodynamic drag of aircraft, the effect of structural parameters such as skin radiator drain port radius, guide port radius and fin thickness on the aerodynamic drag and heat transfer of the aircraft was studied. The skin radiator was configured to provide heat sink for electronic equipment, leading to the increase of aerodynamic drag of small aircraft due to the additional pressure drag and frictional drag. The pressure drop drag can be reduced by increasing the drain port and the friction drag can be reduced by increasing the fin thickness, thus reducing the aerodynamic drag of small aircraft. Increasing the fin thickness can reduce the aerodynamic drag by more than 20%, and lead to a significant reduction in heat transfer performance. However, increasing the radius of the drain port and the guide port can promote the heat transfer to a certain extent.