网围养殖对滆湖底栖动物群落组成及物种多样性的影响

2002年4月、7月、11月和2003年1月对滆湖底栖动物群落组成、分布及多样性现状进行了研究.结果表明,滆湖现有底栖动物31种,其中软体动物14种,淡水寡毛类6种,水生昆虫7种和水蛭4种.主要优势种为梨形环棱螺和羽摇蚊.相似性分析表明,滆湖网围养鱼区和网围养蟹区底栖动物群落组成相似程度较高,而都与非养殖区差异较大,说明网围养殖对底栖动物组成存在影响;而且网围养鱼对底栖动物的影响更甚于网围养蟹的影响.多样性分析表明,滆湖底栖动物多样性呈现自北向南递增以及夏秋低、冬春高的时空变化格局.图3表2参17

EFFECT OF PEN AQUACULTURE ON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND SPECIES DIVERSITY OF ZOOBENTHOS IN GEHU LAKE

The community structure, distribution and species diversity of zoobenthos in the Gehu Lake, Jiangsu were investigated in April, July, November 2002 and January 2003. The results showed that in the lake there were totally 31 species of zoobenthos, including 14 species of mollusks, 6 oligochaetes, 7 aquatic insects and 4 leeches, and of them, Bellamya purificata and Chironomus plumosus were the dominant species; the community structures of zoobenthos in pen fish-farming zone in the northern part and pen crab-farming zone in the southern part of the lake were very similar, but greatly different from non-aquaculture zone; and the species diversity of zoobenthos was found declining from south to north of the lake, and from low temperature seasons to the warm seasons. Fig 3, Tab 2, Ref 17