环太湖景观生态格局变化研究——以苏州市吴中区为例

在RS和GIS支持下，通过对1984和2002年TM影像解译，分析了研究区景观格局动态变化，并利用逐步回归方法研究了景观变化的人文驱动力。结果表明，研究区景观发生剧烈变化，特别是耕地向水域、城镇用地和其它非农建设用地转变迅速，其中耕地的减少占土地利用总减少面积的79.3%，建设用地和水域的增加分别占土地利用总增加量的63.5%和36.5%。城镇、工矿等人文景观斑块面积增大，并趋向集中；林地与耕地等自然、半自然景观类型斑块破碎度增加，分布趋于分散；耕地与城镇景观类型的斑块形状日趋复杂；耕地的突出优势变小，整体景观异质性程度上升。受区位和地形的影响，在苏州城区附近和东部平原区耕地流失强度较大，18年耕地重心向西南方向偏移了4.74 km。景观变化的人文驱动因素是人口增加、基本建设投资扩大、大量外资涌入和以旅游业为主的第三产业增长。

LANDSCAPE DYNAMIC VARIATION AROUND TAI LAKE--A CASE STUDY OF WUZHONG DISTRICT OF SUZHOU CITY

Based on the TM images in 1984 and 2002,and with the application of GIS and RS,this paper studied the landscape dynamic variation of Wuzhong district of Suzhou City.Using the means of stepwise regression,the human driving forces were analyzed.The results showed that the regional landscape pattern has changed dramatically,especially from cultivated land to water area,and to urban land and other construction areas.The decrease of cultivated land occupied 79.3% of total decrement,while the increase of the construction and water areas accounted for 63.5%,36.5% of the total increment,respectively.The patch area of human landscape such as land for towns and industries has been increasing,and their patches have been congregating.The ragmentation of natural and semi-nature landscapes such as cultivated land and woodland has increased,and their patches have been separating.The shape of cultivated and urban land has become more complex.The regional landscape diversity has increased because of the cultivated land dominance reduction.Because of the location and topography,the intense loss of cultivated land takes place around Suzhou City and in the eastern plain,and the distribution centroid of cultivated land patches has moved 4.74 km towards southwast in the last eighteen years.The human driving factors for landscape spatial change are the rapid growth of population,fundamental construction investment,foreign investment and development of the tertiary industry which were based on tourist industry.