电缆隧道火灾数值仿真及分析

电缆隧道灭火以及人员疏散的关键,在于对灾变条件下隧道火灾参数变化的正确预测,特别是火焰、烟气蔓延范围,烟气浓度变化以及有毒气体的扩散范围等参数的预测。为了获得电缆隧道火灾参数,应用美国国家标准和技术研究院(NIST)开发的FDS(Fire Dynam ics Simulator)软件,建立电缆隧道模型,对隧道火灾进行全尺寸模拟,通过对模拟实验数据处理和分析,给出电缆隧道火灾时烟气浓度和氧气浓度,纵向温度的变化规律,火焰蔓延情况以及高温烟气在隧道中水平蔓延规律,为有效救援和紧急疏散以及消防决策提供一定依据。

Numerical Simulation of Cable Tunnel Fire and Its Analysis

he key to control cable tunnel fire and safely evacuate from it is to correctly forecast the changes of fire parameters under catastrophic conditions,especially the spread range of smoke and flame,the change of smoke concentration and the spread range of toxic gases.In order to obtain the parameters of cable tunnel fire,FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator),developed by NIST(National Institute of Standards Technology),was used to simulate a full-size cable tunnel fire by creating a model of cable tunnel.Through analysis on these experimental data,the changing laws of smoke concentration,oxygen concentration and vertical smoke temperature as well as the level spread law of high-temperature smoke in the tunnel were obtained,which provided a theoretical basis for the effective rescue,emergency evacuation and decision-making in fire-fighting.