建筑物火灾时人员疏散时间模型研究

在建筑物火灾中,人员安全疏散与人员的生命安全直接相关.人员能否安全疏散主要取决于疏散到安全区所用时间的长短,人员疏散时间在考虑建筑物结构和人员距离安全区的远近等环境因素的同时,还必须综合考虑处于火灾等紧急情况下人员的自然状况和人员心理及行为特征.本文在组织人员应急疏散演习测量个体疏散时间的基础上,结合影响人员疏散行为和疏散时间的相关因素,采用世界先进统计软件SPSS12 for Windows进行多元线性回归分析,建立人员疏散时间回归模型.该研究技术科学、先进,结果可信.研究结果将充实我国人员疏散心理和行为反应数据库,为建筑防火性能化设计,尤其是设计人员密集建筑提供基础数据和初步的分析.

Research on time model of personel evacuation in building fires

In building fires, personnel evacuation is directly related to the safety of their lives. Whether the personnel can be safely evacuated mainly depends upon how much time is used for the persons to be evacuated to a safe area. For personnel evacuation time, environmental factors such as the building structure and the distance between the persons and the safe area should be taken into account, moreover, the natural conditions of the persons and their psychological and behavioral characteristics when they are in fires and other emergencies should also be considered generally. On the basis of the measurement of individual evacuation time in dry runs organized for emergency evacuation of personnel and in combination with factors related to the people's behaviors in evacuation and the evacuation time, the SPSS 12 for Windows software system is adopted for a pluralistic linear regression analysis in this paper so as to establish the regression model of personnel evacuation time . The result ofthe research shall enrich the personnel evacuation psychology and behavior response database of China and provide the designers with basic data and preliminary analysis for fire prevention design of buildings, especially for dense buildings.