基于安全社会学的高层建筑火灾事故剖析——以上海“11·15”特大火灾事故为例

结合我国基本国情及“11·15”特大火灾事故的具体情况，运用社会学视角，从技术和理性的局限、效益和安全的博弈、人因和制度的瓶颈三个方面透析由高层建筑火灾事故难以解决这一现状暴露出的社会学问题。并提出有利于从深层次上保障人民生命安全和公共财产安全的三点建议：调整引发不安全因素的社会结构；提升有利于确保安全的技术能力；加强政府的社会控制功能。本文针对我国高层建筑火灾事故频发的现状，揭示了“11·15”特大火灾事故带来的警示和反思，就高层建筑火灾防范提出了改进方法，对建筑、消防等部门的管理工作具有一定的参考意义。

Accident analysis of high-rise fire based on the safety sociology——Setting the high-rise fire accident in Shanghai on November 15th as an example

Combining with China basic national condition and specific character of the high-rise fire accident in Shanghai, based on the sociology, from the limitation of technical and rational, game analysis of the profit and safe- ty, and the restriction of human factor and institution, the sociological issues reflected by the fact that fire of high- rise building is exasperatingly difficult to handle were dialyzed. Being conducive to people＇s lives and public property on a deeper level, three recommendations were presented：adjusting the social structure resulting in the unsafe factors ; improving the technology benefit to ensure safety; strengthening the function of the social control of government. Aiming at the status that the high-rise fire in China turns out to be recurrent nowadays, the caution and intro- spection from the high-rise fire accident in Shanghai on November 15th were discovered. Method improvement in fire protection of high-rise was put forward with practice reference significance for the management task of construc- tion and fire protection procurement in a certain degree.