废轮胎多孔隙消波结构物特性之初期研究

基于废旧轮胎再利用及研发简易且低廉的施工方法与维护成本,本研究以规则波水工模型试验研究提出应用于港口码头的多孔隙弹性帷幕的初步理念。利用模型车轮胎以模块化方式组装成弹性帷幕后安装于码头前壁,研究多种周期波浪作用及不同消波室纵深对波浪反射率的影响。实验结果表明,简单的单一消波室多孔隙弹性帷幕对短周期波浪的消波效果较显著,消波室纵深较大者反射率较低,但可能引致水体振荡,后续可再强化消波室的消能效果。未来如能妥善研究废旧轮胎应用于多孔隙弹性帷幕消波结构物的施工与维修方法,除可缓解废旧轮胎处理给环境带来的压力外,也提供一种可用于简易渔港的施工简单、维修容易且资源再利用的消能结构物,该工程技术亦可输出至发展中国家,符合可持续发展观。

An Experimental Study on Characteristics of Waste Tire Perforated-Type Wave Dissipation Structure

For the reuse of waste tires and the research and development of simple construction method and low maintenance cost, a preliminary concept of perforated elastic curtain which can be used at wharfs is proposed based on experimental studies of regular wave hydraulic model. The perforated elastic curtain is, in a modular manner, assembled into by using model vehicle tires, and then by installing the elastic curtain on the front wall of the wharf the effects of the action of different periodic waves and the different widths of wave dissipation chamber on the wave reflectivity are studied experimentally. The model test results indicate that the perforated elastic curtain with a single wave dissipation chamber has a remarkable wave dissipation effect in the case of short period waves, and that a larger width of the wave dissipation chamber can cause a lower wave reflectivity. Although water oscillation may be caused, the energy dissipation effect of the wave dissipation chamber could be reintensified in the future. If the application of real waste tires to the perforated elastic curtain structures can be studied well in the future, not only the pressure of the waste tire treatment on the environment could be relieved, but a wave dissipation structure which is simple in construction and convenient in maintenance and can be applied at a simple fishing port could also be provided. This technique can be exported to the developing countries.