处理含油废水的好氧颗粒污泥形成过程及其特性研究

含油废水中因含有较高浓度的油脂类物质和聚合物而对环境造成危害,威胁人类健康,同时,为解决采用传统膜分离工艺运行成本较高的难题,开展了基于好氧颗粒污泥技术的含油废水处理研究.结果表明,以含油废水启动反应器,经35 d好氧颗粒污泥培养成熟,COD和溶解性油的去除率高达86.0%和94.2%;在絮状污泥颗粒化过程中,污泥胞外聚合物中蛋白质类物质含量提高3.7倍,蛋白质类物质与多糖类物质比值升高到2.72,证明胞外聚合物内蛋白质类物质浓度增加是活性污泥颗粒化的重要因素;好氧颗粒污泥荧光光谱结果显示好氧颗粒污泥中蛋白质类物质的稳定存在是好氧颗粒污泥形成的重要因素.选取好氧颗粒污泥技术处理含油废水的效果和成本均优于常规生物处理工艺和膜分离工艺,由于污泥及其胞外聚合物中多糖类和蛋白质类物质含量均较高,适用于回收污泥资源,对含油污泥的资源化利用意义重大.

Formation process and characteristics of aerobic granular sludge in oily wastewater treatment

The oily wastewater contained oil and polymers, therefore destroy the ecological system and harm the human health. Meanwhile, in order to reduce the operation cost of membrane process, aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology was utilized in oily wastewater treatment. The experimental results showed that AGS was obtained in 35 days, and COD and oil removal efficiencies were 86.0% and 94.2%, respectively. Protein content in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) increased 3.7 times during the formation process of AGS, and the relatively high protein/polysaccharide ratio proved that the enhancement of protein content is a significant factor in granulation process. In addition, the fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the stable existence of protein in both AGS and EPS is the most important factor in granulation process. The efficiency and cost of AGS technology were better than activated sludge system and membrane process in oily wastewater treatment. Moreover, AGS was suitable in resource recycling since the protein and polysaccharide content were high in sludge and EPS and therefore significant in sludge treatment and disposal.