泄漏孔高度对液氯槽罐车泄漏后果的影响研究

为研究液氯槽罐车在道路运输过程中,罐体泄漏孔高度对液氯泄漏扩散过程的影响,本文基于计算流体力学软件Fluent,建立不同高度泄漏孔对应的罐体气相、液相空间泄漏的理论模型,计算不同泄漏模型的泄漏量,研究不同风向、风速、泄漏孔径对氯气泄漏扩散过程的影响。结果表明:风向对2种泄漏模式的扩散范围影响不显著;风速较小时,气相空间泄漏的致命范围大于液相泄漏;风速较大时,液相空间泄漏的致命范围远远大于气相空间;同时,两者受风速的影响具有相似点,风速越大泄漏扩散相对稳定后的氯气浓度值越低;气相、液相泄漏模式的致命范围均随泄漏孔径的增大而增大。研究成果可为液氯槽罐车泄漏事故应急救援、应急处置提供依据。

Research on the Consequence of Liquid Chlorine Tank Car Leakage Under Different Height of Leak Hole

In order to study the liquid chlorine leakage diffusion under the different height of the leakage hole during the road transport of the liquid chlorine tank,in this paper,a theory model was established for tank leakage in the form of vapor or liquid in the tank under different height of leak hole.The leakage amount under different model was calculated.The diffusion process of the chlorine leakage was analyzed under different wind direction,wind velocity and the leakage hole size.The results show that the wind direction has no significant effect on the diffusion range of the two leakage models.When the wind velocity is low,the fatal range of gas phase leakage is larger than that of liquid phase leakage.When the wind velocity is higher,the fatal range of leakage in liquid phase space is larger than that in gas phase space.Meanwhile,the similarity is that the higher the wind velocity is,the lower the chlorine concentration is when the leak and diffusion become relatively stable.The fatal range of gas phase and liquid phase leakage model increases with the increase of the leakage hole size.The research results can provide a basis for emergency rescue and disposal of the leakage accident of the liquid chlorine tank car.