以大辽河为例分析中小河流入海通量的估算方法

通过对目前河流入海通量估算方法的比较分析,针对我国北方的大部分河流属中小河流,监测频率不高,潮周径流量与进潮量之比很小的情况,指出了估算河流人海通量的技术障碍,分析各种河流、河口通量估算方法的误差来源、应用条件,比较潮时通量法、水期加权法、年平均法、概率分布法以及对流-扩散模式法等各种时段通量的估算方法.从河口上游水文站时段通量、河口段流达率、区间排放量的关系出发,提出实用化的河流人海通量的计算方法,并用于水质监测频率较低的感潮河流人海通量的估算和分析.通过对2003年大辽河人海通量进行实例计算,全面考虑时段离散通量,验证了方法估算结果的合理性.

Based on Daliao River, Analysis of Estimation Method of Entrance Flux of Small and Medium Sized Rivers

The estimation methods of entrance fluxes were discussed and compared.As most rivers in North China are small and medium sized, monitoring frequency is low and the ratio of circalittoral runoff volume to tidal inlet volume is very small, the technical drawbacks of the estimation of river entrance flux were indicated. The origin of errors and the applied condition of estimation methods of various rivers and estuary fluxes were analyzed and compared. Based on the relationship of time-interval flux, current velocity at river mouth and interval emission volume, a practical calculation method of river entrance flux was established which can be applied to estimate and analyze the entrance flux of rivers which have low monitoring frequency. This method was applied to calculate the entrance flux of Daliao River in 2003.As the method puts time-interval discrete flux into consideration, the results are more reasonable.