Wellbore integrity analysis of a natural CO2 producer |
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| Authors: | Walter Crow J William Carey Sarah Gasda D Brian Williams Michael Celia |
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| Institution: | 2. Los Alamos National Laboratory, United States;3. University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, United States;4. Princeton University, United States;1. Schlumberger Carbon Services, Columbus, Ohio, USA;2. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA;3. Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA;4. Integrated Petroleum Research, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway;5. Schlumberger-Doll Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts. USA;6. True Oil LLC., Casper, Wyoming, USA;1. Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway;2. SINTEF Petroleum Research, Trondheim, Norway;3. SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Trondheim, Norway;4. LUMAN, IMMM, UMR 6283 CNRS, Université du Maine, Le Mans Cedex 09, France;5. University of Copenhagen, Department of Chemistry, Copenhagen, Denmark;6. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark;1. Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE), 9-2, Kizugawadai, Kizugawa-shi, Kyoto 619-0292, Japan;2. Azabu University, Department of Environmental Science, School of Life and Environmental Science, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan;1. Schlumberger Doll Research, One Hampshire Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;2. CSIRO Earth Science and Resource Engineering, Melbourne, Australia;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;4. Etudes et Productions Schlumberger, Clamart, France;1. Centre for Innovation in Carbon Capture and Storage (CICCS), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom;2. Foundation CMG Chair in Reactive Flow Simulation, Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United kingdom;3. Escuela de Ingenieros de Caminos, Universidad de A Coruña, Campus de Elviña, 15192, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Long-term integrity of existing wells in a CO2-rich environment is essential for ensuring that geological sequestration of CO2 will be an effective technology for mitigating greenhouse gas-induced climate change. The potential for wellbore leakage depends in part on the quality of the original construction as well as geochemical and geomechanical stresses that occur over its life-cycle. Field data are essential for assessing the integrated effect of these factors and their impact on wellbore integrity, defined as the maintenance of isolation between subsurface intervals. In this report, we investigate a 30-year-old well from a natural CO2 production reservoir using a suite of downhole and laboratory tests to characterize isolation performance.These tests included mineralogical and hydrological characterization of 10 core samples of casing/cement/formation, wireline surveys to evaluate well conditions, fluid samples and an in situ permeability test. We find evidence for CO2 migration in the occurrence of carbonated cement and calculate that the effective permeability of an 11′-region of the wellbore barrier system was between 0.5 and 1 milliDarcy. Despite these observations, we find that the amount of fluid migration along the wellbore was probably small because of several factors: the amount of carbonation decreased with distance from the reservoir, cement permeability was low (0.3–30 microDarcy), the cement–casing and cement-formation interfaces were tight, the casing was not corroded, fluid samples lacked CO2, and the pressure gradient between reservoir and caprock was maintained. We conclude that the barrier system has ultimately performed well over the last 3 decades. These results will be used as part of a broader effort to develop a long-term predictive simulation tool to assess wellbore integrity performance in CO2 storage sites. |
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