基于事故机理和管理因素的地铁坍塌事故分析——以杭州地铁坍塌事故为实证

从技术角度分析地铁坍塌事故发生的机理,以安全事故致因层次为基础,将管理因素分为4部分,即人员因素、环境因素、材料因素和设备因素;进一步分析地铁坍塌事故发生的原因,构建地铁坍塌事故致因的鱼刺图;实证分析杭州地铁坍塌事故的致因,并构建杭州地铁坍塌事故致因的鱼刺图;在实证分析基础上,从地铁施工前与地铁施工时两时间段,针对人员因素、环境因素、材料因素和设备因素4方面管理因素,提出地铁坍塌事故的防范措施。以事故机理研究为基础,以管理因素研究为核心是研究地铁坍塌事故的必由之路,将对地铁工程的安全管理有一定的指导意义。

Analysis of Metro Collapse Accidents Based on Accident Mechanism and Management Factors:with the Collapse of Hangzhou Metro as an Example

From the aspect of technology,metro collapse accident mechanism was analyzed firstly. Then,based on the hierarchy of accident causation factors,the management factors were divided into 4 parts: man factor,material factor,machine factor and environment factor. And,causes for metro collapse accidents were analyzed and fishbone chart about causal factors of metro collapse accidents was constructed. Afterwards,an empirical study of Metro Collapse Accident of Hangzhou was implemented,and its fishbone chart was constructed accordingly. Finally,on the basis of the 4 parts of factors,preventive measures of metro collapse accidents were proposed from 2 phases of pre-construction and construction. It is concluded that the method with accident mechanism as the study basis and management factors as the study core is the only research way of metro collapse,which is significant to the safety management of metro project.