Characterization of oily sludge from a wastewater treatment plant flocculation-flotation unit in a petroleum refinery and its treatment implications |
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Authors: | Mait Kriipsalu Marcia Marques Aleksander Maastik |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Technology,University of Kalmar,Kalmar,Sweden;2.Estonian University of Life Sciences,Tartu,Estonia;3.Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering,Rio de Janeiro State University,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil |
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Abstract: | Partly due to the complex and variable composition of oily sludge generated by the petroleum industry, cost-effective treatment
and proper disposal pose considerable challenges worldwide. In this study, an extended component-based analysis of the oily
sludge from a flocculation-flotation unit of a wastewater treatment system in a refinery in Sweden was carried out over 1
year. The heterogeneity of the oily sludge is illustrated by the wide ranges of concentrations found for different chemical
components, particularly metals. Among the petroleum hydrocarbons, the most abundant compounds were nonpolar aliphatic hydrocarbons
(63.7 ± 16.7 g kg−1); from the benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene group, xylenes (91–240 mg kg−1) were most abundant; and among polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, naphthalene (25.7 ± 21.4), fluorene (27.25 ± 10.0), and
phenanthrene (43.8 ± 18.4 mg kg−1) were most abundant (all results in terms of dry matter). Based on the EU guidelines and the mean concentration values for
metals found in the oily sludge, e.g., Pb (135.4 ± 125.8), Cu (105.2 ± 79.1), Hg (42.8 ± 31.3), Ni (320 ± 267.4), and Zn (1321.7
± 529.9 mg kg−1), disposal of oily sludge even in landfills for hazardous waste is not allowed. The organic content of the sludge can be
reduced through biotreatment, but not the metal content. A multistep component-based treatment scheme is therefore needed. |
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Keywords: | Petroleum hydrocarbons TPH PAH Biotreatment Metals |
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