发光细菌法在水质综合毒性在线检测中的应用

以海洋发光细菌费氏弧菌（Vibriofischeri）作为检测生物，采用冻干菌粉快速复苏技术，研究费氏弧菌在水质检测中的最佳测试温度和有效性测试条件，并对硫酸锌等多种毒物和几种实际水样进行发光抑制作用分析。研究表明，费氏弧菌冻干粉复苏菌液保存在2～5℃条件下能有效测试7d，最佳测试温度为15℃，最佳测试时间为15min。氯化汞、硫酸锌、硫酸镉等重金属和苯胺、多菌灵、甲醛等有机毒物对费氏弧菌均具有较强的光抑制作用，也即费氏弧菌对以上毒物较为敏感，并能够连续7d保持对同一浓度硫酸锌的敏感性较为一致。对几种实际水样的测试和分析表明，以费氏弧菌为指示生物的发光细菌法能够应用于水质环境安全的综合毒性在线监测预警中。

Application of luminous bacteria method in online test for comprehensive toxicity of water quality

Taking the marine luminous bacteria Vibrio fischeri as detection organisms, the optimal testing temperature and valid testing conditions in water quality test was studied by adopting of the freeze-dried bacteria resuscitating technology. And also some toxicants involved zinc sulfate and several actual water samples were se- lected to investigate the luminous inhibition on Vibrio fischeri. It was shown that the freeze-dried bacteria resusci- tating liquid of Vibrio fischeri could complete valid test up to 7 days between 2℃ to 5℃. The optimal testing tem- perature and time were 15℃ and 15 minutes, respectively. The luminous inhibition of heavy metals such as mer- cury bichloride, zinc sulfate, cadmium sulfate and the organic toxicants such as phenylamine, carbendazim, formaldehyde were relatively strong to Vibriofischeri. It was namely expressed that Vibriofischeri was quite sensi- tive to the toxicants above. Vibrio fischeri could also keep the same sensitivity to the same concentration of zinc sulfate for 7 days. The analysis of the test within several actual water samples showed that the luminous bacteria method with Vibrio fischeri as bio-indicator could be applied in the online monitoring and early warning of com- prehensive toxicity for water quality safety.