Changes in spring activity: Experiences of Kumaun Himalaya,India

Summary In Kumaun Himalaya, India, 60 percent of the rural population is dependent on natural springs for water supply. The authors claim that substantial reductions in spring water discharges are due to losses in the indigenous oak forest coverage and its partial replacement by pine. Other factors, such as overall forest cover depletion and construction activities, combine to produce severe reductions in spring discharge rates.Drs Anil Singh and Ravindra Pande are members of academic staff at Kumaun University working in the Laboratory for Hydrological and Geomorphological Investigations in the Department of Geography.