湖泊围垦的生态经济效益分析

70年代初,在“以粮为纲,向荒湖要粮”的影响下,不注意生态经济效益,掀起盲目“围湖造田”高潮。本文针对这种“围湖造田”的生态、经济、社会三效益损益作了较具体分析,除对发展粮食生产,消灭钉螺有一定好处,在其他农业生态,水产,滨湖气候,水运等方面都带夹了不良影响。因此看出,盲目围垦的作法是利少而弊多。 文中提出,对湖泊资源只有合理的充分利用,才能做到有效地保护和管理;又只有加强保护和管理,才能源源不断地使用这些可更新的自然财富,为人类造福。

ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES OF THE LAND RECLAIMED FROM LAKE

In the early 1970's guided by the policy of "Grain must be taken as the key link in agriculture", people in Hubei and some other provinces in China started a "land reclaimed from lake" upsurge, which however incurred some knotty problems in the reclaimed areas. Ecological and economic cost-benefit analyses are made in this paper based on the data obtained from the reclaimed lake regions. It is concluded that land-reclamation should be regarded as a kind of disadvantageous action because of its adverse impacts on agricultural ecology, fishery, navigation and the climate in the reclaimed areas, which has been shown in recent years despite its limited benefits in grain production and in the elimination of oncomelania, the host of blood fluke.This paper points out that only by exploiting and utilizing lake resources properly can lakes be well manayed and protected, and can those renewable and valuable resources be constantly available for human beings.