黄连根茎浸提物对隆线溞的急性毒性作用

黄连根茎和制剂具有抗菌等作用,广泛用于水产养殖.试验以隆线溞单克隆生物株为供试生物,研究了不同浓度的黄连根茎浸提物(Coptis chinensis root extracts,CRE)对隆线溞泳动能力、存活率及趋光性的影响.结果表明,黄连根茎浸提物对水溞具有急性毒性,半致死浓度半抑制浓度趋光指数显著改变的浓度,后者仅4.27 mg·L-1(以CRE浓度计),远远低于防治鱼病黄连进入水体的浓度.因此,水产养殖使用黄连药物对水溞存在生物毒性.此外,导致隆线溞趋光指数显著改变的CRE浓度比半致死浓度低30.62~36.51倍,测试时间从48 h或24 h缩短到3 h,且容易观察,利用隆线溞趋光性的改变可快速监测CRE对其的毒害作用.在水产养殖中,如果滥用黄连制剂,会影响水生食物链,导致水生态系统失衡.

Acute Toxicity of Coptis chinensis Rhizome Extracts to Daphnia carinata

Coptis chinensis rhizome and preparations were widely used for the treatment of fish diseases in aquaculture.The acute toxicological effect of CRE on lethal, movement and phototaxis was studied on Daphnia carinata monoclone as a test animal in the present experiment.The results showed that CRE was acute toxic to this animal and alkaloids berberine concentrations in CRE changed in the following sequence: half lethal>half inhibitory>limitable, which led to a significant change in phototaxis index of Daphnia carinata.The concentration of CRE for the significant change in phototaxis index was 4.27 mg·L^-1, which was lower than the concentration in water to cure the fish diseases and this conclusion indicated an ecological risk of this antibiotic to Daphnia carinata in aquaculture.In addition, the concentration of CRE in phototaxis index was changed from 30.62 times at 48^th hour to 36.51 times at 24^th hour that were lower than half lethal concentration.Detecting phototaxis index was easy and only 3 hours was required, so utilizing the quickly change of Daphnia carinata phototaxis can be an effective method to monitor the toxicity effect of CRE on Daphnia carinata.The abuse of rhizome or preparations in aquaculture might destroy the aquatic food chain, resulting in an imbalance of aquatic ecosystems.