长江口南支沉积物对卤虫的毒性效应研究

以Ⅱ-Ⅲ龄卤虫幼体（Artemia salina）为受试生物,开展生物检测试验,研究长江口南支沉积物的毒性效应。生物检测结果表明长江口南支部分站位的沉积物对卤虫幼体已产生毒性效应,其中,2、5、8三站沉积物对卤虫体长和体内SOD酶活性具有显著影响（p〈0.05）,1号和2号站沉积物对卤虫体内LDH活性有显著影响（p〈0.05）。对多个毒性效应指标运用因子分析法得到长江口南支各站因子得分F,F值大小可表征各站沉积物对卤虫综合毒性的强弱,各站F值排序为：2号（-1.59）〈5号（-0.76）〈8号（-0.42）〈1号（0.06）〈6号（0.62）〈7号（0.78）〈3号（1.31）,2号站沉积物毒性最强,3号站毒性最弱。经逐步回归分析,因子得分F与沉积物中Cu、Cd含量具有显著相关关系（R=0.91,p〈0.05）,表明长江口南支沉积物中Cu和Cd是对卤虫产生毒性效应的关键污染物。

Study on the sediments toxicity of south branch of Yangtze River estuary to Artemia salina

The Ⅱ-Ⅲ age Artemia salina was used to assess the sediment toxicity of eight stations collected from south branch of Yangtze River estuary.Our data showed that the sediments from the three station 2,5 and 8 had significantly toxic effects on the body length increment of Artemia salina and its superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity（p0.05）,of which,the sediments of station 1 and 2 also significantly affected its Lactate dehydrogenase activity（LDH）of Artemia salina（p0.05）.Then F value of stations was scored by factor analysis of effectively toxic factors such as Sc,SOD and LDH.Our analysis showed that the F value became smaller with the higher toxicity of sediments,followed as below from low to high：station 2（-1.59）,station 5（-0.76）,station 8（-0.42）,station 1（0.06）,station 6（0.62）,station 7（0.78）and station 3（1.31）.Further research on stepwise regression between F and both indices of heavy metal and PAHs showed that toxicity of sediments had significantly relation to copper and cadmium（R=0.91,p0.05）, which indicated copper and cadmium were the key toxic contaminants to Artemia salina in sediments of south branch of Yangtze River estuary.