细胞色素P450酶系作为生物标志物在毒理学上的应用

细胞色素P450酶系是一种血红素-硫铁蛋白(heme-thiolate protein)，它是由结构和功能相关的超家族(superfamily)基因编码的含铁血红素同工酶组成。对许多内源性和外源性的化学物质尤其是对环境有害化合物存在有氧氧化代谢作用以实现机体的解毒作用，但在某些情况下，外来物质可能被转化为具细胞毒性、致突变性或致癌作用更强的物质，起毒性活化作用。本文对细胞色素P450的研究简史及其作为生物标志物在毒理学上的应用作了简要的综述。提出细胞色素P450酶系在毒理学上的意义是可作为污染物潜在影响的早期预警信号系统对环境污染上物进行监测和预报，且对于制定预防性的管理措施，及时避免或减轻环境污染的损害都具有重要意义。

Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Family and Its Application as Biomarker

Cytochrome P450 enzyme family is a kind of heme-thiolate protein, composed of isoenzymes of iron-heme coded by (superfamily)genes as structure and function associated. Cytochrome P450 enzyme family is involved in detoxication and biotransformation of xenobiotic by oxydizing and converting those lipophilic compounds into excretable water-soluble products. In some cases, it also (activates) the toxicity by catalyzing xenobiotic into higher cytotoxic, genotoxic and cancerogenic metoblite. The study history and the (application) of cytochrome P450 enzyme family as a biomarker are briefly introduced in this paper. It is proposed that it can be used as early warning systems for the identification and prediction of sublethal effects of pollutants to environment, so as to avoid or alleviate the (impact) of environmental pollutants.