粉尘爆炸事故模式及其预防研究

随着粉体工业的发展,粉尘爆炸发生的危险性也随之增大。为了探讨粉尘爆炸发生的规律,笔者对粉尘爆炸发生的点火源类型、事故原因进行了统计、排序;在对已发生的典型的粉尘爆炸事故分析的基础上,总结、归纳了影响粉尘爆炸发生的,诸如粉尘自身的可燃性、粉尘所处的状态、粉尘所处的外部环境等因素;提炼出了7种粉尘爆炸事故模式,并对各种模式下粉尘爆炸发生的条件、机理进行了初步研究分析,然后提出了相应的事故预防措施。笔者所研究的成果,对粉体工业的安全生产具有实际的指导作用,对今后防灾决策的深入研究也具有一定的参考价值。

Study on the Mode and Prevention of Dust Explosion Accident

With the development of powder industry, explosive risk is greatly increased. In order to explore the occurrence regularity of the explosion, the ignition sources are categorized, and causation of the explosion accidents occurred are statistically analyzed and put into orderly sequence. Based on analysis of the typical dust explosion accidents occurred, the factors influencing the explosion such as flammability, state of dust, surrounding environment of dust are summarized and induced, from which 7 modes of dust explosion accidents are derived. The explosion condition and mechanism of each mode are preliminarily studied; and relevant preventive measures are suggested. The result of this study provides significant guidance to the work safety of powder industry, and also might be taken as the reference in decision making for disaster reduction.