应用时间-活动模式估计儿童个体NOx暴露水平

将时间-活动模式与微环境空气污染物监测相结合估计儿童个体NO_x暴露水平. 分别在北京和青岛两市各选择3所学校监测校园环境污染物，并在每个学校选择10名儿童监测其家庭居室空气中ρ(NO_x)及个体24 h NO_x暴露水平，同时收集其时间-活动信息，采用时间-活动模式估计儿童的个体暴露水平. 交通工具中的NO_x暴露水平可通过校门口空气中ρ(NO_x)和交通工具的污染水平系数(λ)估计.结果表明:利用时间-活动模式模拟的儿童个体24 h NO_x暴露水平为0.041 mg/m3，与调整后的个体暴露实测水平相关性较好(R0.785，P<0.01)，差值为(-0.002　6±0.013　0) mg/m3，二者的差异无统计学意义 (t0.139,P>0.05).表明采用时间-活动模式与微环境空气质量监测结果相结合方法估计的儿童NO_x暴露水平与个体实际暴露水平一致. 

Estimation of Children's Personal NOx Exposure Level by Time-Activity Pattern

To explore and estimate children's personal NO_x exposure level by Time-Activity Pattern combined with micro-environment monitoring, three primary schools were selected in both Qingdao and Beijing. Ambient air NO_x level was monitored on campus, and ten children were selected in each school to measure their personal 24-hour NO_x exposure level and indoor air NO_x level at their households. Meanwhile, information on their time-activity was collected via questionnaire. The children's NO_x exposure to traffic vehicles was estimated through the adjustedNO_x level at the school gate and the coefficient of pollution. Then, Time-Activity Pattern was employed to estimate the children's 24-hour NO_x exposure level. The children's estimated personal 24-hour NO_x exposure level by Time-Activity Pattern was 0.041 mg/m3, which was significantly correlated with the adjusted personal 24-hour exposure level (R0.785, P<0.01). The residual of estimated exposure level to adjusted measured level was (－0.002 6±0.013　0) mg/m3, and there was nosignificant difference between them (t0.139, P>0.05). The estimated children'sexposure level to NO_x by Time-Activity Pattern combined with micro-environment measurements was coincident with the children's personal measurements.