中国1990—1996年冰雹灾害及其时空动态分析

依据《中国减灾》公布的１９９０－１９９６年月灾情信息，建立了冰雹灾害数据库，在此基础上，划分了中国冰雹灾害的组合类型，并绘制出了冰雹灾害的空分布图和时间变化图。

HAIL DISASTER IN CHINA DURING 1990-1996 AND ITS DYNAMIC SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL ANALYSIS

Based on disaster records reported by Journal of Disaster Reduction in China(1990 ~ 1996),a hail disaster database is established with the county units. The integrated patterns of hail disaster chains are classified and the distribution and dynamic patterns of hail disaster are mapped according to the database. The results and conclusions are as follows:1. There are mainly four integrated patterns of hail disaster in China, these patterns show usually regional disaster of China, 2. comparison of spatial distribution of hail hazard with that of hail disaster shows moving to east and forming a "mass -area"pattern. As contrast to the years before 1990, the hail disaster area are increasing and spreading to East, Northwest and South China, 3. April and July are two high values periods of hail disaster in China, and the high monthly value recordes suggest that the peak value during 1990 ~ 1996 appears about one month earlier than that during 1951 ~ 1989. The monthly variance of hail disaster in China from 1990 to 1996 is very great, and the variances from February to March and August are greatest in a year. The obvious time difference between hail disaster and hail hazard in a year shows that the spatial patterns for land-use have an important influence on the monthly hail disaster, 4. The seasonal hail disaster combinations in China are divided into seven regions as Northeast, North, Northwest,East, South, Southwest China and Qinghai-Tibet, and it is discovered that there are three high values months of hail times in Southwest China.