影响杉木人工林可持续经营因素探讨

杉木人工林土壤肥力和林分生产力逐代下降，直接影响杉木林地可持续经营。影响杉木人工林可持续经营的因素是多方面的，主要和杉木人工林所处亚热带红壤区生态系统的脆弱性和杉木人工林群落的单一性及杉木生物学特性等有关，而传统杉木人工林培育过程中采取一系列传统的营林措施则加剧了林地地力衰退。根据目前杉木人工林经营现状，建议在杉木人工林经营过程中应尽量降低营林措施干扰强度，特别是炼山措施的采取；同时开展有关林地可持续模式试验及评价指标体系的研究，以寻找适合不同地区的杉木人工林可持续经营模式。在此基础上，搞好杉木人工林规划和发展，这对南方杉木产区林地可持续经营实践具有较大的指导意义

VIEW ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF CHINESE FIR PLANTATION

The gradual drop of soil fertility and stand productivity of Chinese fir plantation with the increase of continuous plantation would directly hamper its sustainable management. The major factors which hinder the sustainable management of Chinese fir plantation include not only the vulnerable subtropical red soil ecosystem which Chinese fir grow in, but also the unitary community structure and the biological characteristic of this artificial forest community. Additionally, the traditional culture system of Chinese fir including controlled burning lead to the degradation of soil ferti lity. According to the current situation of the Chinese fir plantation management, it is necessary to lower the disturbance intensity of culture system to the forest land, especially to avoid the controlled burning repeatedly. Meanwhile, experimental sustainable management models of Chinese fir plantation should be developed and evaluation indication system should be studied so as to identify sustainable management models suitable to artificial fir forests in different regions. This is of great significance to the sustainable management practice of forestland in southern China.