皖江城市带农田生态系统碳排放动态研究

基于化肥、农药、农膜、农业灌溉、农地翻耕、农机运用、农作物收割后残留根系分解 7个主要碳源，测算皖江城市带1991~2010年农业碳排放量。结果表明：研究区农业碳排放总量从1991年的273万t增加到2010年的535万t，年均增长率为1035%，同时2010年其排放量约占安徽省碳总排放量的443%。1991~2010年研究区人均农业碳排放年均增幅26%，农业碳排放密度年均增幅584%，碳排放强度年均降幅3769 t/亿元。研究区农业碳排放以农作物收割后残留根系分解为主(占总排放量的5987% )，且化肥碳排放比重年均增长最快达1618%。各市农业碳排放量六安最大，安庆较大，铜陵最小，其中平均增幅最大为六安298万t/a，最小为铜陵009万t/a；碳排放强度最大为六安，较大为滁州，最小为铜陵，平均降幅最大为滁州64774 t/（亿元·a），最小为铜陵19760 t/（亿元·a）；人均农业碳排放量最大为滁州，最小为铜陵，人均增加量最大为六安460 kg/a，最小为合肥039 kg/a；碳排放密度年均增幅最大为芜湖836%，最小为马鞍山345%。最后根据该区农业碳源的构成特点和动态特征，为其降低农业碳排放提出一些建议

DYNAMIC RESEARCH ON CARBON EMISSIONS OF FARMLAND ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF THE WAN JIANG CITY BELT

The carbon emissions from agricultural ecosystem of the Wan Jiang City Belt from 1991 to 2010 was calculated based on seven main kinds of agricultural carbon sources including fertilizers,pesticides,agricultural films,agricultural irrigation,farmland tillage,agricultural machinery and the decomposition of roots after the harvest of the crops.The result showed that the carbon emissions from the farmland of the research area from 1991 to 2010 increased from 273 to 535 million ton with an average annual growth rate of 1035%,meanwhile the carbon emissions accounted for 443% of the total amount of Anhui province in 2010.The carbon emissions from the farmland per capital and the density of carbon emissions had an average growth rate of 26% and 584% respectively during 1991 2010,while the carbon emission intensity decreased 3769 t/（108 Yuan·a）. The decomposition of the residual roots of the crops after harvest which accounted for 5987% was the main composition of the carbon emissions from farmland in the research area,simultaneously carbon emissions from fertilizers increased the most with an average growth rate of 1618%. Among all the cities of the research area, the maximum of carbon emissions from farmland was in Lu’an and the average growth was 298×104 t/a, followed by Anqing, and the minimum was in Tongling with the least growth of 900 t/a.The maximum of carbon emission intensity was in Lu’an,secondly in Chuzhou with the largest decrease of 64774 t/(108 Yuan·a),while the minimum was in Tongling with the least decrease of 19760 t/(108 Yuan·a).The maximum of carbon emissions from farmland per capital was in Chuzhou,but the minimum was in Tongling.The maximum of the increased amount per capital was in Lu’an which was 460 kg/a,while the minimum was in Hefei which was 039 kg/a.The maximum of the average growth rate of carbon emission density was 836% in Wuhu,while the minimum was 345% in Ma’anshan.Finally,some suggestions were put forward to reduce the carbon emissions from farmland according to the characters of the formation and dynamics of agricultural carbon sources in the research area