接种外源微生物生活垃圾堆肥中的胡敏酸荧光特性

利用城市生活垃圾接种外源微生物，采用工厂化工艺进行堆肥，对堆肥前后胡敏酸荧光光谱进行了分析．结果表明，胡敏酸发射光谱相对简单，在440nm附近形成1个较宽的谱带，而激发光谱与同步扫描光谱则由几个特征峰及肩峰组成．对不同荧光光谱特征峰的分析表明，堆肥结束后，胡敏酸的腐殖化程度明显增加．CK、MS、ZJ、MS＋ZJ各处理的荧光光谱形状基本相似，但主要特征峰的相对荧光强度有明显区别．其中接种外源微生物可明显增加堆肥胡敏酸分子的缩合度，中加酵素菌（ZJ）处理优于美商复合菌（MS）处理，而2种外源菌混合接种具有协同促进作用．通过与土壤中胡敏酸荧光特性比较证实，堆肥后的胡敏酸具有土壤富里酸的特征，活性较高．

Study on fluorescence spectroscopy characteristics of humic acid by inoculating microbes on municipal solid waste composting

During municipal solid waste composting, a significant amount of humic substances will be generated. Different microbes were inoculated for facilitating municipal solid wastes composting with industrialized technology. At initial and final stages of composting, humic acid was extracted from compost. After further purification, fluorescence spectroscopy was used to analyze spectroscopy characteristics of humic acid. The result indicated that fluorescence emission spectra had a wide band with the maximum centered at 440?nm. The excitation and synchronous spectra exhibited a number of peaks and shoulders. At the final stage, the humification degree of humic acid increased significantly. Although the fluorescence spectra had similar shape, the relative fluorescence intensities of characteristic peaks were different due to different microbes inoculated. The results of spectroscopic analysis indicated that, during municipal solid waste composting, the degree of molecular polymerization of humic acid would increased due to microbes inoculated, with the order of MS+ZJ > ZJ > MS > CK. Comparing with the fluorescence-spectroscopy characteristics of humus substance in soil, the humic acid spectra in compost were more similar to fulvic acid in soil. It indicated that humic acid from municipal solid wastes composting had high activity.