Evaluation of aquifer vulnerability and the protective capacity in some oil producing communities of western Niger Delta |
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Authors: | Edmund Aviedo Atakpo Elijah Adebowale Ayolabi |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Physics, Geophysics Unit, University of Lagos, Akoka, Nigeria |
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Abstract: | Oil spills have become a major environmental hazard constituting serious social problems in Nigeria, especially in the oil
producing communities. The spills contaminate the aquifer if the subsurface layers are not protected. Geoelectric technique
of geophysical investigation has been used to evaluate the protective capacity of six oil producing communities: Oleh, Olomoro,
Uzere, Afiesere, Ekakpamre and Uvwiamuge in the western Niger Delta. A total of 139 vertical electrical sounding (VES) using
the Schlumberger electrode configuration were occupied in these communities. The longitudinal conductance maps delineated
areas with poor (<0.1 mho), weak (0.1–0.19 mho), moderate (0.2–0.69 mho) and good protective capacity (0.7–4.9 mho). The study
has shown that the protective capacity of most parts of the communities studied is poor with Uvwiamuge and Ekakpamre communities
not protected hence the aquifer in these oil producing communities are vulnerable to contamination by hydrocarbon in the event
of pollution. Hence proper environmental protection measures have been suggested to safeguard the aquifer from pollution by
hydrocarbon in the event of spillage. |
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Keywords: | Protective capacity Longitudinal conductance contamination |
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