基于土地利用变化的忻州市生态格局时空变化分析

为了厘清改革开放以来忻州市各类生态系统及生态系统格局的时空特征,使用忻州全市1980、2000、2018年的土地利用和覆盖(LULC)二级分类数据,经过土地转移矩阵和景观格局指数计算,探讨分析了忻州市改革开放以来近40年的LULC及格局的长时间序列时空变化特征,以揭示忻州市的生态环境变化态势。研究区近40年来以城镇用地和其他建设用地增加为主,其他各类减少,城镇化和人口增长带来的土地和生态压力主要集中在草地、耕地以及湿地上;其中2000—2018年的变化更剧烈,人类活动对自然的干扰加剧,但同时在这一阶段已经开始了森林、湿地的保护,开展经济发展与生态文明同步建设。

Spatial and Temporal Changes of Landscape Pattern in Xinzhou City Based on Land Use and Land Cover

In order to clarify the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of land use and land cover (LULC) and ecosystem landscape pattern in Xinzhou City since the reform and opening up,using the secondary classification data of LULC in 1980,2000 and 2018,the long time series spatio-temporal changes of LULC and pattern in the past 40 years since the reform and opening up were discussed and analyzed through the calculation of land transfer matrix and landscape pattern index,to reveal the ecological environment changes of the study area. In the past 40 years,urban land and other construction land were both increased,while other types of land were mainly decreased. The land and ecological pressure brought by urbanization and population growth was mostly concentrated on grassland,cultivated land and wetland. Among them,the changes from 2000 to 2018 were more drastic,and the interference of human activities on nature was intensified, but at the same time, the protection of forests and wetlands protection was started at this stage, and the construction of economic development and ecological ecological civilization were carried out simultaneously.