企业生产系统危险源的结构、特征及其辨识

根据社会-技术系统理论,企业的生产系统可看作是一个多层递阶控制系统,该系统可能呈现不同的安全状态;应用系统科学理论分析表明,企业生产系统的安全功能缺陷是危险源可能的存在形式,而企业生产系统的集成缺陷是其安全功能缺陷的重要原因,危险源具有层次化的结构和对象化的特征;对比分析表明,要全面认识企业生产系统的危险源,需在对工作场所危险生成和事故发生原因进行基本的要素分析的基础上,结合企业生产系统状态和功能进行分析。总之,综合应用多种危险源分析和辨识方法,从系统要素、系统状态和系统功能的角度可更好地认识危险源。

The Structure, Properties and Identification of Hazardous Sources in Enterprise Production System

Based on social-technical system theory, enterprise production system can be modeled as a multi-layer hierarchical control system, which may show different safety statuses. Theoretical analysis with system science indicates that the safety function deficiencies of production system are the possible existing form of hazardous sources, and the integration deficiencies of production system are their main causes. Hazardous sources have hierarchical structures and situation-dependent properties. The comparative analysis showed that completely recognizing the hazards in production system is based on the causal factors of hazard creation and accident occurrence, as well as the status and functional analysis of production system. In summary, integrative application of multiple approaches can help achieve more understanding of hazards from the perspectives of elements, status and functions of system.