桔园间作牧草的生态效益及其管理技术

在浙江省金华地区新垦植的红壤幼龄桔园及盛产成龄桔园进行了间作试验和调查研究。结果表明，幼龄桔园间作黑麦草或紫云英，能提高光能利用率，具有延缓秋冬土壤降温和春季土壤升温、减小土壤日温差幅度和冬季保暖、降低水土流失量等生态效应，但对夏梢生长具有不良的影响；成龄桔园长期间作紫云英也具有提高光能利用率，维持较高的肥料养分效率，明显改善土壤肥力，提高产量和改善柑桔外观品质等多种效益。桔园间作牧草应结合柑桔生产的要求，抓住适时拌肥播种、及时收割施肥和适时适量归还土壤３个管理技术要点。

Ecological Efficiencies or Intercropping Forage Crops with Citrus Plantation and Its Management Techniques

ntercropping experiments and surveying studies were conducted to observe the soil ecological effect of intercropping and its influence on growth of young citrus trees and on yield and fruit quality of productive citrus trees in newly planted and in productive citrus plantations located in the red soil hilly area of Juighua district, Zhejiang Province.The results showed that intercropping rye grass or Chinese milk vetch into newly planted citrus plantation could enhance the utilization rate of sun light, retard the reduction of soil temperature during autumn and winter and the increase of soil temperature during spring, narrow the range of daily temperature difference and be able to keep the soil warm in winter,decreruse soil and water erosion greatly under various conditions, but had some negative effects on the growth of summer hranches of the young citrus trees; and that long-term intercropping of Chinese milk vetch with productive citrus plantation could also enhance the utilization rate of sun light, maintain high fertilizer efficient, improve soil fertility significantly, increase fruit yield and improve the exterior quality of fruits. It has been proved that timely sowing.harvesting fertilizing and timely ploughing down proper amount of biomass are the important management techniques of enhancing the integrated efficiency of intercropping.