经济快速发展地区土地利用结构的时空演变——以苏锡常地区为例

利用1996～2007年苏锡常地区土地利用变更数据，从土地利用变化幅度、动态度、变化强度、相对变化率及景观生态学角度，对区域土地利用结构的动态变化及区域差异进行分析。研究结果表明：近十多年来，由于区域经济快速发展，工业用地扩展迅猛，城镇加速蔓延，从而导致区内耕地面积锐减，居民点及工矿用地、交通用地所占比例则逐年上升，交通用地的变化幅度及动态度最大；各用地类型的变化强度在此期间呈一定波动，除牧草地外，交通用地历年的变化强度之和最大，其次为园地、居民点及工矿用地、水利设施用地、耕地、其他农用地、林地、未利用地；区域土地利用结构逐渐向均衡状态发展，用地结构的均质性逐渐增强，地区土地利用结构渐趋稳定；各市耕地、居民点及工矿用地、其他农用地的变化幅度及相对变化率差别不大，而园地、林地、牧草地、交通用地、水利设施用地及未利用地的变化幅度及相对变化率区域差异较大，且三市园地、牧草地及未利用地的变化方向不一致。

DYNAMIC CHANGE OF LAND USE STRUCTURE IN DEVELOPED AREA

Based on the statistic data of land utilization changes in Su Xi Chang Region from 1996 to 2007, this paper analyses the dynamic change of land use structure and its spatial differentiation by indices of quantitative analysis such as changing range, dynamic degree, changing intension, relative changing rate and other indices in landscape ecology, etc. The results show that: Along with the rapid development of social economy and urbanization, the construction land demand is increasing greatly, and correspondently the amount of cultivated land has decreased the most. The amount of residential area and industry and mining land and transportation land is increasing every year, and the changing range and dynamic degree of transportation land is the most. The changing intension of all land utilization types is fluctuant, and the sum of transportation land's changing intension is the most except grass land. The land use structure trends to be averaged and stable. The changing range and relative changing rate of cultivated land, residential area and industry and mining land and other agricultural land in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou is almost same, while that of garden plot, forest land, grass land, transportation land, irrigation land and virgin land is differential, and that the changing direction of garden plot, grass land and virgin land in these three cities is not uniform.