中部地区资源型城市城市化与生态环境动态耦合关系

通过构建城市化与生态环境耦合模型,利用中部地区37个资源型城市2005—2014年城市化系统和生态环境系统的30个指标数据,对城市化与生态环境耦合关系动态变化进行测度,并比较分析不同类型资源型城市城市化水平、生态环境水平及其二者耦合协调度的变化。结果表明:(1)2005以来人口城市化对资源型地区城市化综合水平的影响力减弱,社会城市化的影响力逐渐加大并趋于比较重要的地位。尽管资源条件对资源型城市的生态环境综合水平影响最大,但生态环境治理水平对资源型地区生态环境综合水平的影响力正变得日益重要。(2)各城市间城市化综合水平差异较大,而生态环境综合水平差异较小。自2005年以来城市化发展综合水平的城际差异无较大改变,但生态环境发展水平的城际差异正变得日趋缩小。位于山西省的资源型城市城市化综合水平和生态环境综合水平的变动较之其他省份更为显著。(3)中部地区资源型城市的协调类型处于勉强协调、初级协调和中级协调,并以初级协调型为主。2005以来中部地区多数资源型城市城市化与生态环境关系保持不变,关系恶化的资源型城市主要分布在安徽、江西和湖南,关系更为协调的资源型城市主要位于山西。(4)不同类型资源型城市的城市化综合水平差异显著,而生态环境综合水平差异并不明显。再生型和衰退型城市的耦合协调度水平较高,成熟型城市的耦合协调度较低。(5)城市化滞后仍是资源型城市城市化与生态环境关系不协调发展的主要原因。

Coupling relationship change between urbanization and eco-environment ofresource-based cities in Central China

This paper measures the coupling degree between urbanization and eco-environment by establishing a coupling coordination degree model, uses the data of 30 indicators from 37 resourced-based cities in Central China during the period from 2005 to 2014, and compares the time changes of urbanization, eco-environment and coupling coordination level in different types of resource-based cities.The resultsshow as following:①Since 2005, the contribution of population urbanization to the urbanization subsystem has been decreasing obviously, while that of social urbanization has been increasing and becomes more important for urbanization in resource-based cities.Although the natural resource condition has the greatest impact upon the eco-environment subsystem, the eco-environment's governance level becomes increasingly important to the comprehensive eco-environment level.②There is the obvious disparity in the comprehensive urbanization level but little disparity in eco-environment level in resource-based cities.Since 2005, there has been almost no change in urbanization level, with decreasing difference in eco-environment level among the resourced-based cities.Compared with the level of the cities in other provinces, the change of comprehensive urbanization level and the eco-environment level of the resource-based cities in Shanxi Province are more significant.③The levels of coupling coordination in Central China are at minimum coordination, primary coordination and moderate coordination level, with most cities being at the primary coordination level.In addition, since 2005 for most cities in Central China there has been no change in the relationship between urbanization and eco-environment but some cities in Jiangxi, Anhui and Hunan have witnessed deteriorating relationship.The cities in Shanxi performs better with more coordinated relationship.④The different types of resource-based cities show a significantly different urbanization level but the same eco-environment level.Revival and recessional cities enjoy high coupling coordination level, while the mature cities are at low level.⑤ The lag of urbanization is still the main reason for the un-coordinated development between urbanization and eco-environment in resource-based cities.