高铁酸钾对菠菜中3种有机磷农药残留降解的影响

菠菜(Spinaciao leracea L.)是我国出口的重要蔬菜品种之一,其农药残留是制约我国菠菜出口的重要"技术壁垒".在露地栽培条件下,研究了叶面喷施高铁酸钾水溶液对菠菜中有机磷农药的降解作用,并探讨了高铁酸钾对菠菜相关酶活、MDA含量及品质指标的影响.结果表明,叶面喷施不同浓度的高铁酸钾(200、400、600mg·L-1)可有效降低菠菜中敌敌畏、毒死蜱和乐果等有机磷农药的残留量.随着高铁酸钾喷施浓度的增大,菠菜中敌敌畏、毒死蜱和乐果残留量显著降低;试验浓度下以600mg·L-1高铁酸钾处理的降解效果最好,可使菠菜中敌敌畏、毒死蜱和乐果的降解率达到72.43%、87.15%和75.45%.叶面喷施高铁酸钾对菠菜过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、MDA含量以及品质指标没有明显影响.试验表明高铁酸钾具有降解有机磷农药残留的作用,在菠菜生产中将高铁酸钾作为有机磷农药残留降解制剂是可行的.

Effects of Potassium Ferrate on Degradation of Three Organophosphorous Pesticides in Spinach

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)is one of important products for vegetable export in China, and its pesticide residues are regarded as an important technological barrier for limiting vegetable export. Under the open-field condition, it was investigated that foliage spraying potassium ferrate degraded organophosphorous pesticides in spinach. And the study of effects of potassium ferrate on the quality indexes, enzymatic activities and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of spinach were also carried out. Results showed that dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos and dimethoate residues in spinach were reduced significantly by spaying potassium ferrate (200、400、600mg·L-1). The degradation rates were highest at 600mg·L-1 potassium ferrate and the degradation rates of dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos and dimethoate were 72.43% , 87.15% and 75.45% , respectively. Spaying potassium ferrate had no significant effects on the peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT)activities, MDA content and quality of spinach. The experiments proved that potassium ferrate could degrade organophosphorous pesticides effectively. That potassium ferrate is applied in spinach growth to degrade organophosphorous pesticides is feasible.