羟胺对氨氧化菌和亚硝酸盐氧化菌的竞争性选择

有效抑制亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)是实现稳定短程硝化的关键.使用运行方式为厌氧/好氧/缺氧(A/O/A)的SBR反应器,探究羟胺(NH_2OH)对氨氧化菌(AOB)和NOB的竞争性选择.在混合液NH_2OH浓度分别为3 mg·L~(-1)和5 mg·L~(-1)条件下采用不同处理频率观察短程硝化的启动情况.结果表明,每2个周期投加1次混合液浓度为5mg·L~(-1)的NH_2OH时,亚硝态氮积累率(NAR)在6 d内从0.1%增长到57.4%,并保持在(62.0±4. 6)%至实验结束;通过分析第6 d的典型周期中可以看出:好氧阶段结束时,氨氮浓度由26. 05 mg·L~(-1)降至8. 06 mg·L~(-1),同时生成9.02 mg·L~(-1)的亚硝态氮和6.70 mg·L~(-1)的硝态氮;AOB最大活性(rAOB)与NOB最大活性(rNOB)的比值从第1 d的1.05增长到第9 d的4.22;通过进一步qPCR分析可以看出:实验第9 d时, AOB与NOB丰度分别下降至处理前的30. 2%和19. 1%.因此,基于NH_2OH对AOB和NOB的竞争性选择有望为城市污水短程硝化的快速启动提供可能.

Competitive Selection of Hydroxylamine on Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria and Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria

The effective inhibition of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) is the key to realizing satisfactory nitrite accumulation and achieving effective nitritation. In order to explore the selective effect of hydroxylamine (NH₂ OH) on ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and NOB, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with the operation mode of anaerobic/aerobic/anoxia (A/O/A) was used to observe the start-up of nitritation at different concentrations and frequencies of NH₂ OH. The results showed that when 5 mg·L^-1 of NH₂ OH was added once every 2 cycles, the nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) increased from 0.1% to 57.4% in 6 days, and was maintained at (62.0±4.6)% until the end of the trials. In the typical cycle on day 6, the NN₄⁺-N dropped from 26.05 mg·L^-1 to 8.06 mg·L^-1, thus producing 9.02 mg·L^-1 of NO₂^--N and 6.70 mg·L^-1 of NO₃^--N. Meanwhile, the ratio of the maximum activity of AOB (rAOB) to NOB (rNOB) increased from 1.05 on day 1 to 4.22 on day 9. Moreover, qPCR results indicated that the abundance of AOB and NOB decreased to 30.2% and 19.1%, respectively, on day 9 in comparison to the original sample. The results indicate that the selective effect of AOB and NOB based on NH₂ OH is expected to provide a feasible application for the rapid start-up nitritation of municipal wastewater.