A review of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their human health effects |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea;2. BRAC Clinic, Rayerbazar, Dhaka, Bangladesh;3. Dept. of Farm, Power & Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh;4. Analytical Science Division, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK;1. Research Center for Soil Contamination and Environment Remediation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;2. Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States;3. Department of Physiological Sciences, and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States |
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| Abstract: | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a large group of organic compounds comprised of two or more fused benzene rings arranged in various configurations. PAHs are widespread environmental contaminants formed as a result of incomplete combustion of organic materials such as fossil fuels. The occurrence of PAHs in ambient air is an increasing concern because of their carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Although emissions and allowable concentrations of PAHs in air are now regulated, the health risk posed by PAH exposure suggests a continuing need for their control through air quality management. In light of the environmental significance of PAH exposure, this review offers an overview of PAH properties, fates, transformations, human exposure, and health effects (acute and chronic) associated with their emission to the atmosphere. Biomarkers of PAH exposure and their significance are also discussed. |
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