Inverse age-dependent accumulation of decabromodiphenyl ether and other PBDEs in serum from a general adult population |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati 45267, OH, USA;2. Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main St, Box G-S121-2, Providence 02912, RI, USA;3. BC Children''s Hospital Research Institute and Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby V5A 1S6, BC, Canada;4. Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 611 North Pleasant St, Amherst 01003, MA, USA;5. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, NW120, Seattle 98195, WA, USA;6. Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop F-20, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta 30341, GA, USA;7. Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children''s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7035, Cincinnati 45229, OH, USA;1. Department of Reproductive Epidemiology and Social Medicine, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, Shanghai 200237, China;2. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA;3. Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA;4. BC Children''s Hospital Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;5. Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;6. Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA;7. Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children''s Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA;1. Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;2. Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main St, Box G-S121-2, Providence, RI 02912, USA;3. Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children''s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7035, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;4. Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;5. Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA;6. BC Children''s Hospital Research Institute and Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs), including the decabromodiphenyl congener (BDE-209), were determined in the serum of 731 individuals from a general adult population (18–74 years) collected in 2002 in Catalonia (north-eastern Spain). The BDE-209 was the predominant congener (median 3.7 ng/g lipid) followed by BDE-47 (2.6 ng/g lipid) and BDE-99 (1.2 ng/g lipid). PBDEs in this population (median 15.4 ng/g lipid) ranked amongst the highest of previously described concentrations in populations in Europe, Asia, New Zealand and Australia, yet it was lower than those found in North American reports. Age was clearly the socio-demographic factor of highest influence on the PBDE distributions. However, unlike usual trends of higher accumulation of POPs through age, the higher concentrations were found in young individuals (< 30 years) rather than in adults (≥ 30 years), with differences of 14%, 31% and 46% in the most abundant congeners (i.e. BDE-209, BDE-99 and BDE-47, respectively). This age-dependent distribution of PBDEs (including the case for BDE-209, which is shown for the first time in this study) is explained by the higher and widespread use of these compounds since the 1980s. In view that these compounds remain highly used, this accumulation pattern is likely to evolve, anticipating an increasing level of PBDE concentrations in future general population surveys, yet probably assuming an age-dependent increase pattern. Socio-economic level was also a determinant of BDE-47 concentrations, but only relevant for the least affluent class, suggesting that lifestyle and environmental conditions in the dwelling place may also contribute to exposure. Nonetheless, gender, body mass index, place of birth, parity and education level did not show any statistically significant influence on the observed PBDE distributions. |
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