Removal of arsenic from contaminated groundwater by solar-driven membrane distillation |
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Authors: | Ajay K Manna Andrew R Martin |
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Institution: | a Environment and Membrane Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209 India b Department of Energy Technology, The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden |
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Abstract: | Experimental investigations were carried out on removal of arsenic from contaminated groundwater by employing a new flat-sheet cross flow membrane module fitted with a hydrophobic polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) microfiltration membrane. The new design of the solar-driven membrane module in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) configuration successfully produced almost 100 per cent arsenic-free water from contaminated groundwater in a largely fouling-free operation while permitting high fluxes under reduced temperature polarization. For a feed flow rate of 0.120 m3/h, the 0.13 μm PVDF membrane yielded a high flux of 74 kg/(m2 h) at a feed water temperature of 40 °C and, 95 kg/m2 h at a feed water temperature of 60 °C. The encouraging results show that the design could be effectively exploited in the vast arsenic-affected rural areas of South-East Asian countries blessed with abundant sunlight particularly during the critical dry season. |
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Keywords: | Membrane distillation Solar energy Arsenic separation Cross flow module Hydrophobic membrane Microfiltration |
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